Aspirin in Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome Receiving Oral Anticoagulation.

Background: The appropriate antithrombotic regimen for patients with chronic coronary syndrome who are at high atherothrombotic risk and receiving long-term oral anticoagulation remains unknown.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in France involving patients with chronic coronary syndrome who had undergone a previous stent implantation (>6 months before enrollment) and were at high atherothrombotic risk and currently receiving long-term oral anticoagulation. The patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive aspirin (100 mg once daily) or placebo; all the patients continued to receive their current oral anticoagulation therapy.

Reduction of Antihypertensive Treatment in Nursing Home Residents.

Background: Among older adults with frailty, evidence on the benefits and risks of discontinuing antihypertensive drugs is limited.

Methods: In a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial conducted in France, we assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, nursing home residents 80 years of age or older who were receiving more than one antihypertensive drug and had a systolic blood pressure below 130 mm Hg to a protocol-driven strategy of progressive reduction of antihypertensive treatment (step-down group) or to receive usual care (usual-care group). Patients were to be followed for up to 4 years.

Beta-blocker interruption effects on blood pressure and heart rate after myocardial infarction: the AβYSS trial.

Background And Aims: This study aims to report the effects of β-blocker interruption on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in the AβYSS trial where patients were randomized to interruption or continuation of β-blocker treatment after a myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods: Changes in HR and BP from baseline to post-randomization are reported using linear mixed repeated model, in the 3698 patients of the AβYSS trial with a median follow-up of 3.0 years.

Endometrial immune profiling and precision therapy increase live birth rate after embryo transfer: a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Despite advancements in assisted reproductive treatments, 70% of transferred embryos fail to implant successfully, yielding significant personal and global repercussions. One promising avenue of research is to take into account the individual's immune uterine profile in order to tailor treatment and optimise outcomes. This randomised controlled trial represents the initial exploration into the consequences of disregarding the state of the uterine immune environment in infertile women embarking on IVF/ICSI.

Effect of Triheptanoin on Caudate Atrophy and Motor Scores in Patients With Early-Stage Huntington Disease: A Phase II Study.

Background And Objectives: Brain energy deficiency occurs at the early stage of Huntington disease (HD). Triheptanoin, a drug that targets the Krebs cycle, can restore a normal brain energetic profile in patients with HD. In this study, we aimed at assessing its efficacy on clinical and neuroimaging structural measures in HD.

Flecainide to Prevent Atrial Arrhythmia After Patent Foramen Ovale Closure: AFLOAT Study, A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: The real incidence of atrial arrhythmia (AA) after patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure and whether this complication can be prevented remain unknown. We assessed whether flecainide is effective to prevent AA during the first 3 months after PFO closure, and whether 6 months of treatment with flecainide is more effective than 3 months to prevent AA after PFO closure.

Methods: AFLOAT (Assessment of Flecainide to Lower the Patent Foramen Ovale Closure Risk of Atrial Fibrillation or Tachycardia Trial) is a prospective, multicentre, randomized, open-label, superiority trial with a blind evaluation of all the end points (PROBE [Prospective Randomized Open, Blinded End Point] design).

Beta-Blocker Interruption or Continuation after Myocardial Infarction.

Background: The appropriate duration of treatment with beta-blocker drugs after a myocardial infarction is unknown. Data are needed on the safety and efficacy of the interruption of long-term beta-blocker treatment to reduce side effects and improve quality of life in patients with a history of uncomplicated myocardial infarction.

Methods: In a multicenter, open label, randomized, noninferiority trial conducted at 49 sites in France, we randomly assigned patients with a history of myocardial infarction, in a 1:1 ratio, to interruption or continuation of beta-blocker treatment.

Obstetric referrals, complications and health outcomes in maternity wards of large hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods study of six hospitals in Guinea, Nigeria, Uganda and Tanzania.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic affected provision and use of maternal health services. This study describes changes in obstetric complications, referrals, stillbirths and maternal deaths during the first year of the pandemic and elucidates pathways to these changes.

Design: Prospective observational mixed-methods study, combining monthly routine data (March 2019-February 2021) and qualitative data from prospective semi-structured interviews.

Artificial Intelligence for Detecting Acute Fractures in Patients Admitted to an Emergency Department: Real-Life Performance of Three Commercial Algorithms.

Rationale And Objectives: Interpreting radiographs in emergency settings is stressful and a burden for radiologists. The main objective was to assess the performance of three commercially available artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for detecting acute peripheral fractures on radiographs in daily emergency practice.

Materials And Methods: Radiographs were collected from consecutive patients admitted for skeletal trauma at our emergency department over a period of 2 months.

A mixed-methods study of maternal health care utilisation in six referral hospitals in four sub-Saharan African countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: In sub-Saharan Africa, referral hospitals are important sources of key maternal health services, especially during a crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study prospectively assessed the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal health service utilisation in six large referral hospitals in Guinea, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda during the first year of the pandemic.

Methods: Mixed-methods design combining three data sources: (1) quantitative data based on routine antenatal, childbirth and postnatal care data collected March 2019-February 2021, (2) qualitative data from recurring rounds of semi-structured interviews conducted July 2020-February 2021 with 22 maternity skilled heath personnel exploring their perceptions of service utilisation and (3) timeline data of COVID-19 epidemiology, global, national and hospital-level events.

'We are not going to shut down, because we cannot postpone pregnancy': a mixed-methods study of the provision of maternal healthcare in six referral maternity wards in four sub-Saharan African countries during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: Referral hospitals in sub-Saharan Africa are located in crowded urban areas, which were often epicentres of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper prospectively assesses how maternal healthcare was provided in six referral hospitals in Guinea, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Mixed-methods design using three data sources: (1) qualitative data from repeated rounds of semi-structured interviews conducted between July 2020 and February 2021 with 22 maternity skilled heath personnel (SHP) on perceptions of care provision; (2) quantitative monthly routine data on caesarean section and labour induction from March 2019 to February 2021; and (3) timeline data of COVID-19 epidemiology, national and hospital-level events.

Early and short-term intensive management after discharge for patients hospitalized with acute heart failure: a randomized study (ECAD-HF).

Aims: Hospitalization for acute heart failure (HF) is followed by a vulnerable time with increased risk of readmission or death, thus requiring particular attention after discharge. In this study, we examined the impact of intensive, early follow-up among patients at high readmission risk at discharge after treatment for acute HF.

Methods And Results: Hospitalized acute HF patients were included with at least one of the following: previous acute HF < 6 months, systolic blood pressure ≤ 110 mmHg, creatininaemia ≥ 180 µmol/L, or B-type natriuretic peptide ≥ 350 pg/mL or N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide ≥ 2200 pg/mL.

Bleeding in the Elderly: Risk Factors and Impact on Clinical Outcomes After an Acute Coronary Syndrome, a Sub-study of the Randomized ANTARCTIC Trial.

Background: Elderly patients are at high-risk of bleeding, but are under-represented in clinical trials.

Objectives: The aims were to determine the incidence and the predictive factors of bleeding and to assess the impact of bleeding on further ischemic outcomes in elderly patients after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods: From the 877 patients aged ≥ 75 years included in the ANTARCTIC randomized trial, data on Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleeding complications and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke, were collected over 1 year.

Plasma procalcitonin may be an early predictor of liver injury in acetaminophen poisoning: A prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: Acetaminophen is a common cause of poisoning and liver injury worldwide; however, patient stratification is suboptimal. We aimed to assess the contribution of admission plasma procalcitonin concentration (PCT) to better identify acetaminophen-poisoned patients likely to develop liver injury.

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study including all acetaminophen-poisoned patients requiring N-acetylcysteine admitted in a toxicological intensive care unit between 2012 and 2017.

No evidence of tocilizumab treatment efficacy for severe to critical SARS-CoV2 infected patients: Results from a retrospective controlled multicenter study.

To assess tocilizumab (TCZ) efficacy associated to standard of care (SOC) compared to SOC alone in severe coronavirus associated disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. In a matched case-control study from 3 French Hospital COVID-19 Departments, 27 patients with severe COVID-19 treated with TCZ and SOC were matched for baseline epidemiological and clinical features and compared to 27 severe COVID-19 patients treated with SOC alone. Baseline characteristics of the study population were comparable between groups.

Surgical Management of Urolithiasis of the Upper Tract - Current Trend of Endourology in Africa.

Urolithiasis is a global pathology with increasing prevalence rate. The lifetime recurrence of urolithiasis ranges from 10-75% creating a public health crisis in affected regions. The epidemiology of urolithiasis in most parts of Africa and Asia remains poorly documented as incidence and prevalence rates in these settings are extrapolated from hospital admissions.

180° congenital penile torsion with distal hypospadias mistaken for an epispadias: Optimal outcome with tubularized incised plate urethroplasty and dartos flap rotation.

Introduction: Severe penile torsion of 180° associated with hypospadias is a rare entity. Knowledge of penile anatomy and pathology are necessary as the diagnosis could be missed.

Case Presentation: We report a case of severe 180° penile torsion with distal hypospadias that was mistaken for an epispadias which was corrected with surgery.

Is Schistosomiasis a Risk Factor for Bladder Cancer? Evidence-Based Facts.

. Globally, approximately 20% of malignancy are caused by infection. Schistosoma infection is a major cause of bladder in most part of Africa.

Review of Testicular Tumor: Diagnostic Approach and Management Outcome in Africa.

Testicular cancer is a common malignancy in young males with higher incidence in developed nations but with the lowest incidence in Africa (0.3-0.6/100 000).

Management of Advanced and Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Need for a Sub-Saharan Guideline.

The estimated incidence rate of prostate cancer in Africa was 22.0/100,000 in 2016. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has cited prostate cancer as a growing health threat in Africa with approximated 28,006 deaths in 2010 and estimated 57,048 deaths in 2030.

Management of Renal Cell Carcinoma-Current Practice in Sub-Saharan Africa.

There is a global variation in the incidence of renal masses with the developed nations having a greater incidence. About 80-90% of renal malignancies are renal cell carcinomas (RCC) which account for 2-4% of all cancers. In Africa and the Middle East, the age-standardized incidence for RCC is 1.

Efficacy and Safety of Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors on Top of Ticagrelor in STEMI: A Subanalysis of the ATLANTIC Trial.

Background:  Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs) in combination with clopidogrel improve clinical outcome in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI); however, finding a balance that minimizes both thrombotic and bleeding risk remains fundamental. The efficacy and safety of GPI in addition to ticagrelor, a more potent P2Y12-inhibitor, have not been fully investigated.

Methods:  1,630 STEMI patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were analyzed in this subanalysis of the ATLANTIC trial.

Reasons for the Failure of Platelet Function Testing to Adjust Antiplatelet Therapy: Pharmacodynamic Insights From the ARCTIC Study.

Background: In the ARCTIC trial (Assessment by a Double Randomization of a Conventional Antiplatelet Strategy Versus a Monitoring-Guided Strategy for Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation and of Treatment Interruption Versus Continuation One Year After Stenting), treatment adjustment following platelet function testing failed to improve clinical outcomes. However, high-on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) is considered as a predictor of poor ischemic outcome. This prespecified substudy evaluated clinical outcomes according to the residual platelet reactivity status after antiplatelet therapy adjustment.