Fall history moderates the relationship between concern about falling and reactive stepping performance in people with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Reactive balance (quick motoric responses to an external balance challenge) and affective characteristics are linked to falls and negatively impacted in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). While previous studies indicate a potential link between these outcomes, little work has systematically evaluated these relationships, particularly in people with MS. The goal of this study was to assess the association between reactive balance and affect in people with MS, and whether fall-status moderates this relationship.

The influence of informational priming on motor expectancy in transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS).

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has shown mixed results in cognitive and motor functions, raising questions about its efficacy and/or the potential influence of psychological factors. Expectations about treatment efficacy (a placebo-like mechanism) might explain this mixed tDCS success. Recent research has begun to examine the expectations of tDCS on performance.

Association between diffusion MRI-based measures of neurite microstructure and risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial for intervention, but traditional MRI and cognitive assessments may miss pre-symptomatic changes. Advanced diffusion MRI (dMRI) methods, such as Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI), show promise in identifying early brain changes. We analyzed 65 cognitively unimpaired older adults (25 APOE-e4 carriers, 40 non-carriers) from the ADNI3 dataset.

Discordance Between Balance Ability and Perception and Its Relation to Falls in Parkinson's Disease: A Replication Analysis.

Background: Falls are a common challenge for people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD), driven by balance impairments and misaligned perceptions of balance abilities.

Objective: This study investigated the replicability and generalizability of the relationship between balance ability and perception discordance and fall risk.

Methods: Using baseline data from 2 clinical trials involving 171 PwPD, discordance was calculated using the Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale and Timed Up and Go (TUG) or the Mini Balance Evaluation System's Test (MiniBEST).

White matter characterization in regions of edema surrounding meningioma brain tumor using diffusion MRI: A comparative study of DTI and NODDI.

White matter (WM) tract detection is critical in presurgical planning of tumor resection; however, standard-of-care diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) often fails to characterize white matter tracts through regions of edema. This is because the presence of edema has the effect of increasing the isotropic volume fraction within a voxel and thus marginalizing the anisotropic volume fraction associated with white matter presence and directionality. More recent biophysical models of diffusion, such as neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), account for isotropic and anisotropic volume fractions within voxels by compartmentalizing the diffusion signal based on an assumed tissue microenvironment, e.