Use of Transcorneal Iris Photocoagulation to Facilitate Sector Iridectomy of Pigmented Iridal Tumors: A Case Series of Five Eyes (Three Dogs and One Cat)-Clinical Findings, Surgical Technique, Complications, and Outcome.

Objective: To describe the use of transcorneal iris photocoagulation (TCIP) to improve intraocular visualization of intended incision lines, reduce hemorrhage, and facilitate excision of pigmented iridal tumors in four canine eyes and one feline eye.

Materials And Methods: A Rhodesian Ridgeback (treated bilaterally), a German Shepherd, a Labrador Retriever, and a Scottish Fold underwent sector iridectomy due to rapidly growing, pigmented, raised, iridal tumors affecting 1/4-1/3 of the iris circumference (3- to 4-clock hours). A diode laser was used to delineate the intended sector iridectomy incision lines, approximately 1-2 mm away from the grossly visible tumor margins, with the aim of improving visualization to achieve tumor-free margins and reduce tissue handling/trauma.

IGLV3-21-directed bispecific antibodies activate T cells and promote killing in a high-risk subset of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

We previously used a disease-specific B cell receptor (BCR) point mutation (IGLV3-21R110) for selective targeting of a high-risk subset of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. Since CLL is a disease of the elderly and a significant fraction of patients is not able to physically tolerate CAR T cell treatment, we explored bispecific antibodies as an alternative for precision targeting of this tumor mutation. Heterodimeric IgG1-based antibodies consisting of a fragment crystallizable region (Fc) attached to both an anti-IGLV3-21R110 Fab and an anti-CD3 (UCHT1) single chain variable fragment (R110-bsAb) selectively killed cell lines engineered to express high levels of the neoepitope as well as primary CLL cells using healthy donor and CLL patient-derived T cells as effectors.

Comparative Effectiveness of TAVI Platforms and Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Evidence informing clinical guidelines assumes that all transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) devices have similar effectiveness, in other words, displaying a class effect across TAVI valves. We aimed to assess the comparative effectiveness of different TAVI platforms relative to other TAVI counterparts or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR).

Methods: MEDLINE/Embase/CENTRAL were searched from inception until April 2025, for randomized controlled trials comparing outcomes with different commercially available TAVI devices relative to other TAVI counterparts or SAVR.

Sex distribution in tuberculosis disease in children, adolescents, and adults in a low-incidence country: a retrospective population-based cohort study.

Aim: Globally, tuberculosis incidence shows notable sex disparity, with higher rates observed in males. While this pattern is well documented in adults from high-incidence countries, the influence of sex on tuberculosis incidence in children and adolescents, particularly in low-incidence settings, remains unclear. This study investigated sex-specific tuberculosis incidence rates across all age groups, focusing on adolescents, in a low-incidence country.

Women's Unique Health Needs and the Sustainable Development Goals: A Meeting Report from the 79th United Nations General Assembly Science Summit.

Biological sex, hormones, and gender uniquely affect health and disease, often resulting in disparities for women across the lifespan and from different racial and ethnic groups, geographical locations, and socioeconomic backgrounds. Without intentional investment and infrastructure to support good health and wellbeing for women, half of the world's population remains vulnerable to preventable morbidity and mortality. The Society for Women's Health Research and ECHAlliance-The Global Health Connector convened a women's health program as part of the 10th Annual Science Summit during the United Nations 79th General Assembly.

Helicopter Rescue at Very High Altitude: Recommendations of the International Commission for Mountain Emergency Medicine (ICAR MedCom) 2025.

McLaughlin, Kyle, Charley Shimanski, Ken Zafren, Ian Jackson, Gerold Biner, Maurizio Folini, Andreas Hermansky, Eric Ridington, Peter Hicks, Giacomo Strapazzon, Marika Falla, Alastair Hopper, Dave Weber, Ryan Jackson, and Hermann Brugger. Helicopter rescue at very high altitude: Recommendations of the International Commission for Mountain Emergency Medicine (ICAR MedCom) 2025. 00:00-00, 2025.

Screening the Irish Marine Biorepository Identifies a New Bryostatin Analog as Potent Inhibitor of Activated B-Cells Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Activated B-cell diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ABC-DLBCL) is an aggressive cancer with poor response to standard chemotherapy. In search of new therapeutic leads, a library of 435 fractions prepared from the Irish marine biorepository was screened against 2 ABC-DLBCL cell lines (TMD8 and OCI-Ly10) and a non-cancerous control cell line (CB33). Active fractions are prioritized based on potency and selectivity.

The genome sequence of (Scopoli, 1763) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae).

We present a genome assembly from a male specimen of (Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Geometridae). The assembly contains two haplotypes with total lengths of 575.96 megabases and 573.

The influence of bodily fluid rheology on biofilm formation: known facts and open questions.

Biofilms-microbial communities encased in a self-produced extracellular matrix-pose a significant challenge in clinical settings due to their association with chronic infections and antibiotic resistance. Their formation in the human body is governed by a complex interplay of biological and environmental factors, including the biochemical composition of bodily fluids, fluid dynamics, and cell-cell and cell-surface interactions. Improving therapeutic strategies requires a deeper understanding of how host-specific conditions shape biofilm development.

Development and Validation of a Scaffold-Free Human Multilineage Spheroid Model for Early Stage Cholangiopathies Driven by Cholangiocyte Senescence.

Background And Aims: Cholangiopathies, including primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and post-COVID-19 cholangiopathy (PCC), involve chronic cholangiocyte injury, senescence, epithelial-stromal crosstalk, and progressive fibrosis. However, effective in vitro models to capture these interactions are limited. Here, we present a scaffold-free 3D multilineage spheroid model, composed of hepatocyte-like cells (HepG2), cholangiocytes (H69), and hepatic stellate cells (LX-2), designed to recapitulate early fibrogenic responses driven by senescent cholangiocytes.

Pattern and precision: DNA-based mapping of spatial rules for T cell activation.

The nanoscale spatial arrangement of T cell receptor (TCR) ligands critically influences their activation potential in CD8 T cells, yet a comprehensive understanding of the molecular landscape induced by engagement with native peptide-MHC class I (pMHC-I) remains incomplete. Using DNA origami nanomaterials, we precisely organize pMHC-I molecules into defined spatial configurations to systematically investigate the roles of valencies, inter-ligand spacings, geometric patterns, and molecular flexibility in regulating T cell function. We find that reducing the inter-ligand spacing to ∼7.

Tailoring the Magnetic Properties of 2D Metal-Organic Networks by Harnessing the Coordination Sphere.

Achieving magnetic ordering in low-dimensional materials remains a key objective in the field of magnetism. Herein, coordination chemistry emerges as a powerful discipline to promote the stabilization of magnetism at the nanoscale. We present a thorough study of exemplary two-dimensional metal-organic nanoarchitectures synthesized on a Au(111) substrate, which are rationalized by using surface-science techniques and theoretical calculations.

Potent Inducers of Paraptosis through Electronic Tuning of Hemicyanine Electrophiles.

Paraptosis is a distinct form of programmed cell death characterized by cytoplasmic vacuolization, mitochondrial swelling, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dilation, offering an alternative to apoptosis for therapeutic applications. In this study, we identified a hemicyanine derivative that is a potent paraptosis inducer in two cancer cell lines. This compound triggers hallmark paraptotic features, including ER swelling, mitochondrial morphological changes, increased superoxide production, and caspase-independent cell death.

Influence of Age on Fracture Healing in Young and Middle-Aged Mice in a Proximal Femur Fracture Model.

Osteoporotic hip fractures are a considerable cause of pain and disability particularly among the elderly. Osteoporosis causes loss of bone stability, which in turn leads to an increased risk of fractures especially in metaphyseal bone. Moreover, the body's capacity for healing is diminished, resulting in prolonged recovery times following these fractures.

Ultrahypofractionated radiotherapy in one or two sessions for localized prostate cancer: a review of the evidence and future perspectives.

This narrative review analyzes current evidence comparing single-session and two-session approaches in Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) and high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy for localized prostate cancer. These ultra-hypofractionated strategies deliver high-precision ablative doses while minimizing exposure to normal tissues. SBRT regimens with fewer than five fractions show tumor control comparable to conventional treatments, offering reduced treatment burden and increased convenience.

Parameter estimation of hyper-spherical diffusion models with a time-dependent threshold: An integral equation method.

Over the past several decades, decision-making research has been dominated by the study of binary choice tasks, with key models assuming that people remain equally cautious regardless of how long they have spent on the choice problem. Recent research has begun to place a greater focus on studying tasks with a continuous-response scale, as well as models that allow for decreases in caution over decision time; however, these research topics have remained separate from one another. For instance, proposed models of continuous-response scales have assumed constant caution over time, and studies investigating whether caution decreases over time have focused on binary choice tasks.

Implementing a Resource-Light and Low-Code Large Language Model System for Information Extraction from Mammography Reports: A Pilot Study.

Large language models (LLMs) have been successfully used for data extraction from free-text radiology reports. Most current studies were conducted with LLMs accessed via an application programming interface (API). We evaluated the feasibility of using open-source LLMs, deployed on limited local hardware resources for data extraction from free-text mammography reports, using a common data element (CDE)-based structure.

The Practical Value of Bayesian Inference in Describing the Epidemiology of Sports Injuries.

Sports injury surveillance programs have been vital in advancing the understanding of injury epidemiology across various athlete populations. Surveillance-based epidemiological measures of injury occurrence are ubiquitous in the sports medicine literature, and the injury rate is one such commonly used measure. Traditional approaches to calculating injury rates have predominantly relied on frequentist methods, which, while informative, have limitations in addressing certain practical questions.

Penetrating extremity injuries in a large Scandinavian Level-1 trauma center: a 4-year analysis of imaging methods, mechanisms of injury and clinical outcome.

Background: To analyze penetrating extremity injuries at a Scandinavian urban Level-1 trauma center regarding incidence, mechanism of injury, imaging approach and clinical outcome.

Methods: A retrospective study (2013-2016) of penetrating injuries to the extremities based on a Trauma Registry. Retrieved variables included patient demographics, injury characteristics, time to CT and 30-day morbidity.

Systematic attribution of heatwaves to the emissions of carbon majors.

Extreme event attribution assesses how climate change affected climate extremes, but typically focuses on single events. Furthermore, these attributions rarely quantify the extent to which anthropogenic actors have contributed to these events. Here we show that climate change made 213 historical heatwaves reported over 2000-2023 more likely and more intense, to which each of the 180 carbon majors (fossil fuel and cement producers) substantially contributed.

The impact of private hosting on the integration of Ukrainian refugees in Germany.

Amid the Ukrainian displacement crisis, private hosting of refugees in Europe has surged, yet its impact on integration remains understudied. This research examines the short- to medium-term effects of private hosting on Ukrainian refugee integration in Germany. Using data from one of the largest non-profit platforms that matches private hosts with refugees, we compare the multidimensional integration outcomes of refugees who were matched with private hosts to those of observably similar refugees who applied for private hosting but were not matched (n = 1,700).

Improved GVHD-free relapse-free survival when rATG/ATLG is used in allo-HCT from matched sibling donors - an EBMT registry study by the Transplant Complications Working Party.

The EBMT recommends rabbit anti-thymocyte or anti-T-lymphocyte globulin (rATG/ATLG) as GVHD prophylaxis in matched sibling donor (MSD) allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). However, discrepancies between recommendations and clinical practice were reflected in the EBMT survey. Therefore, we performed retrospective EBMT registry analysis from 2014 to 2021 to reinforce the real-world evidence context of rATG/ATLG impact on post-transplantation outcomes.

Late fluid flow in a primitive asteroid revealed by Lu-Hf isotopes in Ryugu.

Carbonaceous asteroids are the source of the most primitive meteorites and represent leftover planetesimals that formed from ice and dust in the outer Solar System and may have delivered volatiles to the terrestrial planets. Understanding the aqueous activity of asteroids is key to deciphering their thermal, chemical and orbital evolution, with implications for the origin of water on the terrestrial planets. Analyses of the objects, in particular pristine samples returned from asteroid Ryugu, have provided detailed information on fluid-rock interactions within a few million years after parent-body formation.