Comprehensive Analysis of the Fourteen Complete Genome Sequences of Isolated from Species.

Endosymbionts are important for insect species as they provide essential substances to the host. Due to the technical advance of NGS technology and assemblers, many endosymbionts bacterial genomes are available now. Here, we analysed fourteen endosymbiont bacterial genomes of genius, one of notorious pest species.

All-in-One Fusogenic Nanoreactor for the Rapid Detection of Exosomal MicroRNAs for Breast Cancer Diagnosis.

Molecular-profiling-based cancer diagnosis has significant implications for predicting disease prognosis and selecting targeted therapeutic interventions. The analysis of cancer-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) provides a noninvasive and sequential method to assess the molecular landscape of cancer. Here, we developed an all-in-one fusogenic nanoreactor (FNR) encapsulating DNA-fueled molecular machines (DMMs) for the rapid and direct detection of EV-associated microRNAs (EV miRNAs) in a single step.

sp. nov., isolated from tidal flat sediment.

Two novel strains, SA3-5 and SA3-6, were isolated from a tidal flat (getbol) in the Republic of Korea. Strains SA3-5 and SA3-6 were subjected to polyphasic characterization to determine their taxonomic affiliations. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile by using peritrichous flagella.

Biotransformation of d-Xylose-Rich Rice Husk Hydrolysate by a Rice Paddy Soil Bacterium, sp. Strain JY310, to Low Molecular Weight Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate).

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is a versatile thermoplastic with superior biodegradability and biocompatibility that is intracellularly accumulated by numerous bacterial and archaeal species. sp. strain JY310 that was able to efficiently biotransform reducing sugars in d-xylose-rich rice husk hydrolysate (reducing sugar) to PHB was isolated from the soil of a rice paddy.

Discovery of pan-IAP degraders via a CRBN recruiting mechanism.

Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), defined by the presence of baculovirus IAP repeat (BIR) protein domain, are critical regulators of cell survival and cell death processes. Cellular IAP 1/2 (cIAP1/2) and X-linked IAPs (XIAPs) regulate the innate immune signaling pathway through their E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Peptidomimetics or small-molecule IAP antagonists have been developed to treat various diseases, such as cancer, infection, and inflammation.

Psychroflexus aestuariivivens sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-flagellated, non-gliding and ovoid or rod-shaped bacterium, designated DB-3T, was isolated from a tidal flat on the Yellow Sea in South Korea, and subjected to a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. Strain DB-3T grew optimally at 30 °C, at pH 7.0-8.

Biosynthesis of methylated resveratrol analogs through the construction of an artificial biosynthetic pathway in E. coli.

Background: Methylated resveratrol analogs show similar biological activities that are comparable with those of the resveratrol. However, the methylated resveratrol analogs exhibit better bioavailability as they are more easily transported into the cell and more resistant to degradation. Although these compounds are widely used in human health care and in industrial materials, at present they are mainly obtained by extraction from raw plant sources.

Protective role of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Although cisplatin is widely used as an anti-cancer agent, its use is significantly limited because of its tendency to induce nephrotoxicity through poorly understood mechanisms. NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is well known to regulate ROS generation. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether NQO1 modulates cisplatin-induced renal failure associated with NADPH oxidase (NOX)-derived ROS production in an animal model.

Proteomic analysis of acetylation in thermophilic Geobacillus kaustophilus.

Recent analysis of prokaryotic N(ε)-lysine-acetylated proteins highlights the posttranslational regulation of a broad spectrum of cellular proteins. However, the exact role of acetylation remains unclear due to a lack of acetylated proteome data in prokaryotes. Here, we present the N(ε)-lysine-acetylated proteome of gram-positive thermophilic Geobacillus kaustophilus.

Genome-wide analysis of redox reactions reveals metabolic engineering targets for D-lactate overproduction in Escherichia coli.

Most current metabolic engineering applications rely on the inactivation of unwanted reactions and the amplification of product-oriented reactions. All of the biochemical reactions involved with cellular metabolism are tightly coordinated with the electron flow, which depends on the cellular energy status. Thus, the cellular metabolic flux can be controlled either by modulation of the electron flow or the regulation of redox reactions.

A transgene expression system for the marine microalgae Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101 using a mutant allele of the gene encoding ribosomal protein L44 as a selectable transformation marker for cycloheximide resistance.

In the present study, we established a genetic system for manipulating the oleaginous heterotrophic microalgae Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101, using cycloheximide resistance as the selectable marker. The gene encoding ribosomal protein L44 (RPL44) of Aurantiochytrium sp.

Identification and characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae aldehyde dehydrogenases increasing production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid from glycerol.

Klebsiella pneumoniae produces 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) from glycerol with oxidation of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-HPA) to 3-HP in a reaction catalyzed by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). In the present study, two putative ALDHs of K. pneumoniae, YneI and YdcW were identified and characterized.

Production of lipids containing high levels of docosahexaenoic acid from empty palm fruit bunches by Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101.

The oleaginous microalga Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101 was cultivated in enzymatic hydrolysates of alkali-pretreated empty palm fruit bunches (EFBs), without prior detoxification process. The maximal levels of lipid and docosahexaenoic acid synthesized were 12.

Expression of the sweetpotato R2R3-type IbMYB1a gene induces anthocyanin accumulation in Arabidopsis.

R2R3-type MYB transcription factors (TFs) play important roles in transcriptional regulation of anthocyanins. The R2R3-type IbMYB1 is known to be a key regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the storage roots of sweetpotato. We previously showed that transient expression of IbMYB1a led to anthocyanin pigmentation in tobacco leaves.

Large increase in Leuconostoc citreum KM20 dextransucrase activity achieved by changing the strain/inducer combination in an E. coli expression system.

A recombinant putative dextransucrase (DexT) was produced from Leuconostoc citreum KM20 as a 160 kDa protein, but its productivity was very low (264 U/l). For optimization, we examined enzyme activity in 7 Escherichia coli strains with inducer molecules such as lactose or IPTG. E.

Molecular characterization of two ethylene response factor genes in sweetpotato that respond to stress and activate the expression of defense genes in tobacco leaves.

Two ethylene response factor (ERF) genes, IbERF1 and IbERF2, were isolated from a library of expressed sequence tags (EST) prepared from suspension-cultured cells and dehydration-treated fibrous roots of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas). The deduced IbERFs contained a nuclear localization signal and the AP2/ERF DNA-binding domain. RT-PCR analysis revealed that IbERF1 was expressed abundantly during the growth of suspension-cultured cells, whereas the expression levels of IbERF2 transcripts were high in fibrous, thick pigmented roots.

Identification and characterization of a novel cold-adapted esterase from a metagenomic library of mountain soil.

A novel lipolytic enzyme was isolated from a metagenomic library after demonstration of lipolytic activity on an LB agar plate containing 1% (w/v) tributyrin. A novel esterase gene (estIM1), encoding a lipolytic enzyme (EstIM1), was cloned using a shotgun method from a pFosEstIM1 clone of the metagenomic library, and the enzyme was characterized. The estIM1 gene had an open reading frame (ORF) of 936 base pairs and encoded a protein of 311 amino acids with a molecular mass 34 kDa and a pI value of 4.

SCOF-1-expressing transgenic sweetpotato plants show enhanced tolerance to low-temperature stress.

Low-temperature stress represents one of the principal limitations affecting the distribution and productivity of many plant species, including crops such as sweetpotato. Transgenic sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L. cv.

Expression and characterization of a second L-amino acid deaminase isolated from Proteus mirabilis in Escherichia coli.

L-amino acid deaminases catalyze the deamination of natural L-amino acids. Two types of L-amino acid deaminase have been identified in Proteus species. One exhibits high levels of activity toward a wide range of aliphatic and aromatic L-amino acids, typically L-phenylalanine, whereas the other acts on a relatively narrow range of basic L-amino acids, typically L-histidine.