Carbon aerogels and xerogels: next-generation materials for sustainable energy and environmental solutions.

Carbon aerogels and xerogels, with their 3D porous architectures, ultralow density, high surface area, and excellent conductivity, have emerged as multifunctional materials for energy and environmental applications. This review highlights recent advances in the synthesis of these materials polymerisation, drying, and carbonisation, as well as the role of novel precursors such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and biomass. Emphasis is also placed on doped and metal-decorated carbon gels as efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reactions, enabling four- and two-electron pathways for energy conversion and the production of green HO, respectively.

Dynein-2 requires HSP90 chaperone activity to ensure robust retrograde IFT and ciliogenesis.

The microtubule motor dynein-2 is responsible for retrograde intraflagellar transport (IFT), a process critical for cilia assembly and cilium-dependent signaling. Mutations in genes encoding dynein-2 subunits interfere with ciliogenesis and are among the most frequent causes of skeletal ciliopathies. Despite its importance, little is known regarding dynein-2 assembly and regulation.

Teaching Occlusal Splints in the Digital Age: Comparing Student Experiences with Conventional and CAD/CAM Workflows.

Background: The teaching of occlusal splint therapy in dental education is evolving with the integration of digital workflows. Although digital tools offer operational advantages, conventional methods remain pedagogically relevant. Understanding students' perceptions of both approaches is essential for guiding curriculum innovation.

Quantifying the Environmental and Food Biodiversity Impacts of Ultra-Processed Foods - Evidence from the EPIC Study.

Objective: While associations of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption with adverse health outcomes are accruing, its environmental and food biodiversity impacts remain underexplored. This study examines associations between UPF consumption and dietary greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe), land use, and food biodiversity.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Research efforts and gaps in the assessment of forest system resilience: A scoping review.

This study investigates how the seven core resilience principles are integrated into assessments of forest system resilience to natural or human-induced disturbances across engineering, ecological, and social-ecological resilience concepts. Following PRISMA guidelines, a literature search in the Web of Science database using the keywords "resilience", "forest" and "ecosystem services" yielded 1828 studies, of which 330 met the selection criteria. The most commonly used criterion was diversity, a sub-criterion of "diversity and redundancy", appearing in 50% of studies.

CLEM-Reg: an automated point cloud-based registration algorithm for volume correlative light and electron microscopy.

Volume correlative light and electron microscopy (vCLEM) is a powerful imaging technique that enables the visualization of fluorescently labeled proteins within their ultrastructural context. Currently, vCLEM alignment relies on time-consuming and subjective manual methods. This paper presents CLEM-Reg, an algorithm that automates the three-dimensional alignment of vCLEM datasets by leveraging probabilistic point cloud registration techniques.

The maximum T of conventional superconductors at ambient pressure.

The theoretical maximum critical temperature (T) for conventional superconductors at ambient pressure remains a fundamental question in condensed matter physics. Through analysis of electron-phonon calculations for over 20,000 metals, we critically examine this question. We find that while hydride metals can exhibit maximum phonon frequencies of more than 5000 K, the crucial logarithmic average frequency rarely exceeds 1800 K.

LONG TERM EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF IRIS-CLAW PHAKIC INTRAOCULAR LENS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF POST KERATOPLASTY ASTIGMATISM.

Purpose: To demonstrate the efficacy and safety of iris-claw phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) in the treatment of post keratoplasty astigmatism.

Setting: Cornea Unit, Ophthalmology Department - Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António - Porto, Portugal.

Design: Retrospective longitudinal study.

Intervention in Healthcare Teams to Promote Adherence to the Integration of Care for People at Risk of Pressure Injuries Between Hospitals and Communities: A Scoping Review.

Pressure injuries (PIs) remain a problem for patient safety and the sustainability of healthcare systems. Difficulties persist in their assessment, prevention and monitoring by multidisciplinary teams. International recommendations point to this problem as a priority area for resolution in terms of patient safety.

Integrated Micro-CT and Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Stepwise Enlargement in Mesial Root Canals of Mandibular Molars.

Introduction: To evaluate how stepwise enlargement in the mesial root canals of mandibular first molars affect shaping outcomes and irrigant dynamics.

Methods: The shaping ability and irrigant flow patterns in mesial canals of mandibular first molars enlarged with ProTaper Next instruments (25/.06v, 30/.

Trends in Treatment Strategies and Perioperative Outcomes for Complex Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: A VASCUNET Report.

Objective: To examine trends in treatment strategies and perioperative outcomes for intact and ruptured complex abdominal aortic aneurysms (cAAA) across seven countries.

Design: Multinational, registry-based observational study within the VASCUNET framework.

Methods: This study used aggregated data from vascular registries in Australia, Denmark, Finland, New Zealand, Portugal, Sweden, and Switzerland.

Real-world use of terlipressin in cirrhosis and acute kidney injury: frequent use beyond hepatorenal syndrome.

Background & Aims: Terlipressin is indicated to treat hepatorenal syndrome (HRS)-acute kidney injury (AKI), but is likely used outside this primary indication in clinical practice. We aimed to investigate real-world practice patterns on the use of terlipressin in AKI in cirrhosis.

Methods: International prospective study including patients hospitalized for decompensated cirrhosis.

Determinants of loneliness among Brazilian college students: Structure and correlates.

Loneliness is a subjective, and unpleasant experience. This paper aimed at investigating the psychometric features of the short version of the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-6), and its correlates in a Brazilian sample. To achieve this purpose two studies were conducted.

Estuarine health assessed by sediment biotic and geochemical indices: insights into sustainable decision-making in the Sado transitional system (SW Portugal).

Balancing socio-economic development with environmental quality in estuaries requires reliable tools for ecological assessment and informed management. Although various biological and (geo)chemical indices have been formulated to evaluate ecological quality status (EcoQS), transitional systems such as estuaries remain challenging to assess due to steep natural gradients and intense anthropogenic pressures, which can compromise the effectiveness of conventional indices. This study applied a practical, multi-criteria sediment assessment to evaluate benthic EcoQS in the Sado estuary, SW Portugal - a socio-ecological system strongly influenced by human activity.

Remote sensing and image analysis of macro-plastic litter: A review.

Effective reduction of oceanic plastic pollution requires scalable and objective monitoring methods that go beyond traditional human-based surveys. This review synthesizes recent advances in remote sensing and AI-driven image analysis for detecting macro-plastic litter. Peer-reviewed studies published up to 2024 were systematically selected from the Scopus database, focusing on applications of remote sensing platforms including webcams, drones, balloons, aircraft, and satellites for monitoring plastic litter in coastal, riverine, and other aquatic environments.

Inhaler identification: evaluating a potential screening method for adherence in chronic respiratory disease management.

Objectives: This study explores the relationship between inhaler visual identification, naming, and adherence outcomes, and evaluates the potential of combining these factors into a screening tool for identifying poor adherence.

Methods: This observational, prospective study included adult patients with COPD, asthma, or asthma+COPD who had been on chronic inhalation therapy for at least the past year. Data were collected through patient interviews and medical records.

Out with the old - advancements and shortcomings of the updated 9th edition of the Tumor, Node, Metastasis (TNM) classification system for lung cancer.

Objectives: The 9th edition of the Tumor, Node, Metastasis (TNM-9) lung cancer classification is set to replace the 8th edition (TNM-8) starting in 2025. Key updates include the splitting of the mediastinal nodal category N2 into single- and multiple-station involvement, as well as the classification of multiple extrathoracic metastatic lesions as involving a single organ system (M1c1) or multiple organ systems (M1c2). This study aimed to assess how the TNM-9 revisions affect the final staging of lung cancer patients and how these changes correlate with overall survival (OS).

[Colonial collections in Portugal and their invisibilities: João Jardim and the Municipal Museum of Figueira da Foz].

Learning about the actors associated with the development of collections helps trace the signs of coloniality in museum discourse. The case of João dos Santos Pereira Jardim, the main donor of a collection in the ethnography section of the Municipal Museum of Figueira da Foz, confirms that military campaigns in colonial territories were key to enriching the collections of Portuguese museums. By reconstructing the journey of this military officer and the significance of two objects he collected, we reveal how this type of actor contributed to the growth of collections and prevailing Eurocentric narratives in museums.

[Colonial collections at the Universidade de Lisboa: criteria for characterizing sensitive heritage].

The collections of the Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical were integrated into the Universidade de Lisboa in 2015, leaving the Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência responsible for their management, preservation and access. This historical and scientific heritage includes archives, libraries, natural history, archaeological and ethnographic collections, scientific instruments and the Jardim Botânico Tropical. Most of the collections were created as part of colonial scientific missions promoted by the Portuguese government during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Response of cultured primary gingival and periodontal ligament cells to angiotensin II and IL1β challenges.

Angiotensin II (Ang II) releases inflammatory mediators from several cell types. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of Ang II to induce mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators in primary cultured fibroblast-like cells isolated from gingival and periodontal ligament tissues. A synergistic effect of co-treatment with Ang II and Interleukin-1β (IL1β) on the mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators was explored.

Freestyle master's swimming: Nationality, sex, and performance trends in World Aquatics competitions (1986-2024).

Background: In sports science, freestyle swimming has been thoroughly studied for particular performance-related factors. Nonetheless, it is unknown what countries the top freestyle swimmers are from, especially not for age group swimmers. In addition, the existing research on the performance of master freestyle swimmers has yet to confirm that male swimmers achieve faster times than their female counterparts across all age groups and distances.

Evidence for Similar Collectivity of High Transverse-Momentum Particles in p-Pb and Pb-Pb Collisions.

Charged hadron elliptic anisotropies (v_{2}) are presented over a wide transverse momentum (p_{T}) range for proton-lead (pPb) and lead-lead (PbPb) collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of 8.16 and 5.02 TeV, respectively.