The genetic history of Portugal over the past 5,000 years.

Background: Recent ancient DNA studies uncovering large-scale demographic events in Iberia have presented very limited data for Portugal, a country located at the westernmost edge of continental Eurasia. Here, we present the most comprehensive collection of Portuguese ancient genome-wide data, from 67 individuals spanning 5000 years of human history, from the Neolithic to the nineteenth century.

Results: We identify early admixture between local hunter-gatherers and Anatolian-related farmers in Neolithic Portugal, with a northeastern-southwestern gradient of increasing Magdalenian-associated ancestry persistence in Iberia.

Optimized in-solution enrichment of over a million ancient human SNPs.

Background: In-solution hybridization enrichment of genetic markers is a method of choice in paleogenomic studies, where the DNA of interest is generally heavily fragmented and contaminated with environmental DNA, and where the retrieval of genetic data comparable between individuals is challenging. Here, we benchmark the commercial "Twist Ancient DNA" reagent from Twist Biosciences using sequencing libraries from ancient human samples of diverse demographic origin with low to high endogenous DNA content (0.1-44%).

Application of a geospatial query tool to characterise the community food environment and examine associations with dietary quality: evidence from three Chilean cities from the SALURBAL project.

Background: Few studies have characterised community food environments and their influence on dietary behaviours in Latin America. In particular, community food environment data do not exist for Chilean contexts. This study aims to characterise the community food environment across neighbourhoods in three major Chilean cities and explore associations between these food environments and fruit and vegetable consumption among adult residents.

Validation of the Perceived Barriers to Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence (PEDIA) Scale Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender and Nonbinary Persons: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Approximately 30% of people living with HIV in Brazil have suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Theoretical models of health behaviors and objective evidence support the role of perceived barriers in hindering health behaviors.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the perceived barriers to ART adherence (PEDIA) scale among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) persons in Brazil.

Prognostic Features in Surgically Resected Well-Differentiated Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: an Analysis of 904 Patients with 7882 Person-Years of Follow-Up.

The clinical behavior of well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) is difficult to predict. In order to define, more accurately, prognosticators for patients with a surgically resected PanNET, the pathologic features and Ki-67 immunolabeling indexes of PanNETs resected from 904 consecutive patients at an academic tertiary care hospital were correlated with patient outcome. The mean patient age at surgery was 56.