Effects of Resistance vs High Intensity Interval Training on Myokines and Cancer Cell Suppression in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Trial.

Purpose: Reducing recurrence and mortality is crucial for breast cancer survivors. We investigated the effects of a 12-week resistance training (RT) vs high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program on myokines, cytokines secreted by skeletal muscle cells at rest in response to muscle contraction, and cancer cell inhibition.

Methods: Twenty-eight survivors of breast cancer (age 55.

Exercise and inflammation in female survivors of breast cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis with secondary mediation analysis on body composition.

Purpose: Inflammation plays a key role in breast cancer recurrence and mortality by promoting tumor progression. Exercise significantly reduces pro-inflammatory markers such as IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP, potentially reducing mortality risk. However, it is yet to be determined whether exercise-induced changes in body composition can modulate inflammatory biomarker responses in the breast cancer setting.

A single bout of resistance or high-intensity interval training increases anti-cancer myokines and suppresses cancer cell growth in vitro in survivors of breast cancer.

Purpose: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women, highlighting the need for strategies to mitigate recurrence and mortality. We examined the effects of a single bout of resistance training (RT) versus high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on anti-cancer myokines and in vitro cancer cell suppression.

Methods: Thirty-two survivors of breast cancer were randomly allocated to a single bout of RT (n = 16) or HIIT (n = 16).

Effects of exercise on inflammation in female survivors of nonmetastatic breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Despite advances in breast cancer treatment, recurrence remains common and contributes to higher mortality risk. Among the potential mechanisms, inflammation plays a key role in recurrence by promoting tumor progression. Exercise provides a wide array of health benefits and may reduce inflammation, potentially reducing mortality risk.

Immunotherapy rechallenge after significant toxicity - can it be done successfully?

Aim: We describe a single-center burden of admissions for irAE management and rechallenge feasibility.

Methods: A retrospective single-center study of patients receiving immunotherapy between 2015-2018 assessing irAE and immunotherapy rechallenge outcomes.

Results: 69 of 307 patients (22%) required 124 hospitalizations for irAEs.

Effects of resistance training vs high intensity interval training on body composition, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and quality of life in survivors of breast cancer: a randomized trial.

Purpose: Breast cancer treatments often lead to unfavourable changes in body composition, physical fitness, and quality of life (QoL). We compared the effects of resistance training (RT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on these outcomes in survivors of breast cancer.

Methods: Twenty-eight survivors of breast cancer, post-treatment (Stage I-III), aged 55.

Enhancing circulatory myokines and extracellular vesicle uptake with targeted exercise in patients with prostate cancer (the MYEX trial): a single-group crossover study.

Introduction: Physical activity is associated with improved disease progression and cancer-specific survival in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). However, the mechanisms underlying these associations remain unclear, while the relative impact of exercise modes is unknown. This study aims to examine the differential impact of exercise mode on tumour-suppressive skeletal muscle-associated systemic molecules as well as their delivery mechanism.

Systemic treatment of advanced and metastatic urothelial cancer: The landscape in Australia.

The 5-year survival rate of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) is estimated to be as low as 5%. Currently, systemic platinum-based chemotherapy followed by avelumab maintenance therapy is the only first-line treatment for mUC that has an overall survival benefit. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy (usually in combination with gemcitabine) is the preferred treatment but carboplatin is substituted where contraindications to cisplatin exist.

LOREALAUS: LOrlatinib REAL-World AUStralian Experience in Advanced ALK-Rearranged NSCLC.

Introduction: Over the past decade, ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors have delivered unprecedented survival for individuals with -positive () lung cancers. Real-world data enhance the understanding of optimal drug sequencing and expectations for survival.

Methods: Multicenter real-world study of individuals with pretreated advanced lung cancers managed on a lorlatinib access program between 2016 and 2020.

Phase 1, open-label, dose-escalation study on the safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary efficacy of intravenous Coxsackievirus A21 (V937), with or without pembrolizumab, in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Background: Oncolytic virus V937 showed activity and safety with intratumoral administration. This phase 1 study evaluated intravenous V937±pembrolizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Methods: Patients had advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), urothelial cancer, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, or melanoma in part A (V937 monotherapy), and metastatic NSCLC or urothelial cancer in part B (V937+pembrolizumab).

The impact of the 2022 Ukraine/Russian conflict on cancer clinical trials.

Since the invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, clinical trial conduct has become extremely challenging due to damage to the healthcare infrastructure and patient displacement. This current study aimed to estimate the number of cancer clinical trials at risk of impact from the conflict. A descriptive analysis and narrative review were completed using data from cancer clinical trials with sites in Russia or Ukraine using the 'clinical trials.

Acute effect of high-intensity interval aerobic exercise on serum myokine levels and resulting tumour-suppressive effect in trained patients with advanced prostate cancer.

Purpose: Although skeletal muscle releases cytokines called myokines during exercise, the kinetics of the acute myokine response to exercise (exercise-induced circulatory myokine level alteration) is unknown in patients with advanced prostate cancer. We measured myokine levels in serum obtained from patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) before and after exercise and assessed the growth-suppressive effect of the serum by applying it to a PCa cell line.

Methods: Nine patients with mCRPC (age = 67.

Doctors' understanding of consent law.

Background: Obtaining informed consent is an important responsibility of all doctors and is a major component of their day-to-day practice. However, little is known regarding practising doctors' understanding of consent in relation to medical law.

Aims: To gain insights into current doctors' understanding of the legal requisites that underpin the consent of patients to medical procedures in Australia.

Dabrafenib and trametinib treatment-associated fevers in metastatic melanoma causing extreme elevation in procalcitonin in the absence of infection.

Febrile illnesses are common in the management of metastatic solid organ malignancies. Traditionally they occur in the setting of immunosuppression and neutropenia owing to cytotoxic therapy necessitating consideration of systemic infections. Systemic markers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein and procalcitonin (PCT), may be used to assist in determining the aetiology of a fever in such patients.

EGFR and KRAS mutations do not enrich for the activation of IL-6, JAK1 or phosphorylated STAT3 in resected lung adenocarcinoma.

Resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) against EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma develops after a median of nine to thirteen months. Upregulation of the interleukin-6 (IL-6)/Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) pathway may be a potential source of resistance to EGFR TKIs. We undertook a detailed assessment of the IL-6/JAK1/phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3) pathway in resected lung adenocarcinoma specimens, with special interest in whether the presence of an EGFR mutation enriched for pSTAT3 positivity.

A finding with a diagnosis: I just can't put my finger on it.

A 72-year-old man with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the lung presents with new lesions in the distal phalanx of right fifth finger (painful) and left great toe (painless due to long-standing peripheral neuropathy). Initially a complication of cytotoxic chemotherapy is considered and a dermatological opinion is requested. Enlargement of the lesions over the space of a week leads to plain X-ray, with findings of destruction of the distal phalanx of the involved digits confirming metastatic disease.

The clinical relevance of pathologic subtypes in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society classification of lung adenocarcinoma recommends identification of pathologic patterns in metastatic samples where possible. We investigated the clinical relevance of these patterns.

Methods: Patients with a surgical biopsy of lung adenocarcinoma from a metastatic site were included.

EGFR gene copy number alterations are not a useful screening tool for predicting EGFR mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma.

We investigated if gene copy number (GCN) alterations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), as detected by silver enhanced in situ hybridisation (SISH), could be used to select patients for EGFR mutation testing. Resected lung adenocarcinoma specimens with adequate tumour were identified. EGFR SISH was performed using the Ventana Benchmark Ultra platform.

Intravenous leiomyomatosis with intracardiac extension - a review of diagnosis and management with an illustrative case.

Intravenous leiomyomatosis with intracardiac extension is an uncommon pathologic progression of uterine leiomyomata. It is a histologically benign condition, however due to interfence with right sided cardiac function patients may present with marked cardiovascular compromise and present a diagnostic dilemma to clinicians who are unfamiliar with this condition. Given the rarity of this condition, experience in individual institutions is usually limited to a few cases.

Acute pain associated with oxaliplatin infusion: case report and literature review.

Both acute and chronic neurotoxicities are well-described with the use of oxaliplatin. We describe the case of a 50-year-old man with Dukes C colon carcinoma being treated with an adjuvant FOLFOX4 (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin and oxaliplatin (85 mg/m(2) per cycle)) who developed a widespread acute pain 5 min after commencing his twelfth cycle of chemotherapy. The pain was disabling and distressing, and remained for 16 h despite multimodality analgesia.