Medical Artificial Intelligence: Opportunities and Challenges In Infectious Disease Management.

Globally, millions of individuals suffer from infectious diseases, which are major public health concerns caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites. These diseases can be transmitted directly or indirectly from person to person, potentially leading to a pandemic or epidemic. Several advancements have been made in molecular genetics for infectious disease management, which include pharmaceutical chemistry, medicine, and infection tracking; however, these advancements still lack control over human infections.

Exploring the bioactive constituents from spices targeting N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors: An in silico and in vitro approach to identify druggable leads against neurological disability.

N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are validated druggable targets for the treatment of Alzheimer's and other associated neurological conditions, particularly in individuals with disabilities. Considering the excitotoxicity associated with NMDA receptors, which leads to neuronal damage, cognitive impairment, and limitations of current therapeutic regimens, better therapeutic candidates are required. One of the validated drug discovery approaches is computer-assisted drug discovery, supplemented by molecular docking, mechanics, and dynamics.

Atomically Dispersed Ru Catalyst Locked in Knitting Aryl Network Polymers: A Robust Heterogeneous Catalyst for Borrowing Hydrogenation in Aqueous Micelles.

Fabrication of water-stable and atomically dispersed ruthenium catalysts for sustainable borrowing hydrogenation (BH) reactions is a long-standing challenge. Herein, we developed an atomically dispersed Ru catalyst that has been successfully employed for BH reactions in aqueous micelles under mild conditions. The micellar cooperativity with the hydrophobic knitted aryl polymers (KAPs) led to the formation of microconfinements, which act as the confined space for catalysis in water.

Optimizing soil fertility and climate resilience: Superiority of organic farming in enhancing carbon sequestration and nitrogen supply.

The eastern Indo-Gangetic plains with huge natural resources have been projected as the seat of second green revolution in India which could only be possible by agricultural intensification and adoption of environment friendly and sustainable agricultural practices like organic farming (OF), natural farming (NF), and integrated crop management (ICM) practices. However, the effects of these management practices on soil carbon reserves and their lability, nitrogen fractions, crop yield and their potential to climate change mitigation are largely unexplored. Considering this, a field experiment was conducted (since 2020) to evaluate the impacts of NF OF, and ICM practices on depth-wise distribution of carbon and nitrogen fractions, carbon pools, carbon management index, carbon sequestration, and grain yield of rice in an acidic Alfisol under rice-maize system.

Modeling Genetic Risk of β-Cell Dysfunction in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells From Patients Carrying the MTNR1B Risk Variant.

Disruptions in circadian rhythm, partly controlled by the hormone melatonin, increase the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Accordingly, a variant of the gene encoding the melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B) is robustly associated with increased risk of T2D. This single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; rs10830963; G-allele) is an expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) in human pancreatic islets, conferring increased expression of MTNR1B, which is thought to perturb pancreatic β-cell function.