Publications by authors named "Rafqah S"

The present study aims to investigate the efficiency of a combined cheese wastewater treatment approach involving coagulation with ferric chloride coupled with a photo-Fenton-like oxidation process for potential reuse in irrigation. Laboratory-scale tests were conducted, examining the effect of various operational parameters on the treatment process. Specifically, the effects of initial wastewater pH, coagulant dosage, decantation time for the coagulation process, and initial pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration, and Fe and HO dosages for photo-Fenton-like oxidation were studied.

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In the present work, we present the preparation of a new emerged heterogeneous catalyst (PE/g-CN/CuO) by in situ deposition of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO) over the graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) as the active catalyst and polyester (PE) fabric as the inert support. The synthesized sample (PE/g-CN/CuO) "dip catalyst" was studied by using various analytical techniques (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy and dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nanocomposite is utilized as heterogeneous catalysts for the 4-nitrophenol reduction in the presence of NaBH, in aqueous solutions.

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Many approaches have been investigated to eliminate pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plants during the last decades. However, a lack of sustainable and efficient solutions exists for the removal of hormones by advanced oxidation processes. The aim of this study was to synthesize and test new photoactive bio composites for the elimination of these molecules in wastewater effluents.

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This work was dedicated to the elaboration of new composite materials based on activated carbon and titanium oxide as an ecological solution for the cleaning of water contaminated with pharmaceutical pollutants. Such new composite materials allowed the combining of adsorption and photocatalytic process, which allows a cleaning process that is low cost making them promising materials. The functionalization of the surface of activated carbon (AC) by TiO nanoparticles forms the core of the nanocomposite material.

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The occurrence and persistence of pharmaceutical products (PPs) in the environment have recently been well-documented and are a major concern for public health. Their incidence in aquatic ecosystems is the result of their direct release without any prior treatment or insufficient wastewater treatment. Therefore, an efficient and safe posttreatment process for removing PPs must be developed.

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1,4-Disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles, considered as an important and useful class of heterocycles with potential applications in material science and biology, have been prepared in an efficient and selective manner by copper on carbon-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition reactions of azides and alkynes (CuAAC) in water under strict click chemistry conditions. Copper(I) catalysts heterogenized onto commercially activated carbon materials (Cu-CC) and on another carbon material produced from vegetable biomass (Cu-CANS) were found to be versatile catalytic sources for sustainable CuAAC. These copper on carbon supports were prepared and fully characterized by using two types of activated carbons that exhibit different porosity and specific surface.

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A great number of pollution problems come as a result of the emission of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) into the environment and their control becomes a serious challenge for the global chemical industry. Adsorption is a widely used technique for the removal of VOCs due to its high efficiency, low cost, and convenient operation. In this study, the feasibility to use a locally available clay, as adsorbent material to control VOCs emissions is evaluated.

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The photocatalytic degradation of the antibiotic sulfamethazine under excitation at 365 nm of Pd-doped ceria-ZnO nanocomposite, titanium dioxide and iron(III) aqua complex was deeply studied from the analytical point of view. It reveals the formation of nine degradation products that were detected in their protonated forms using LC/electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight MS in the positive mode. Their formation involves the hydroxyl radical, and their concentrations increased with irradiation time.

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The degradation of the pesticide metsulfuron methyl induced by excitation of iron(III) aqua complexes was studied at 365 nm. The process involved the formation of hydroxyl radicals and was shown to depend on Fe(OH)(2+) concentration. The second order rate constant of the reaction of metsulfuron methyl and hydroxyl radical was evaluated by laser flash photolysis experiments to k = 3.

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