Treatment-related Changes in Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers of Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration During Therapy for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Background: Survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) frequently exhibit treatment-related neurocognitive impairment, although there is substantial interpatient variability in this outcome. Analysis of biomarkers that reflect the impact of chemotherapy during the two years of treatment for ALL offers the potential to identify children who have subclinical treatment-related neurotoxicity at a time when a protective intervention could prevent the development of persistent impairment.

Methods: We prospectively measured markers indicative of oxidative stress (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine; 8OHdG) and neurodegeneration (total tau) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected at five timepoints before and during the first year of chemotherapy for ALL among 529 patients enrolled on DFCI ALL Consortium protocol 16-001 (NCT03020030).

Phase I Dose Escalation Trial Combining Olaparib and Thoracic Radiation Therapy in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: Patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) are commonly treated with induction systemic therapy and consolidative thoracic radiation therapy (TRT). PARP inhibitors have demonstrated radiosensitization in preclinical lung cancer models. We performed an investigator-initiated, multi-institutional, single-arm, open label phase I study of concurrent olaparib with TRT.

Emotional affect in heart transplant candidates: a multicenter longitudinal study.

Background: Emotional Affect reflects an individual's emotional state and can be categorized as positive (PA) or negative (NA). We aimed to characterize affect in heart transplant candidates and evaluate its relationship with pre- and post-transplant psychological and clinical outcomes.

Methods: Using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), we surveyed adult heart transplant candidates across three transplant centers at baseline (waitlist enrollment), annually on the waitlist, and post-transplant.

Co-design of a digital health lifestyle intervention for adults with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

IntroductionBehavioural changes targeting diet and physical activity to achieve weight loss are considered the cornerstones of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) management. Digital health interventions effectively address barriers in accessing such lifestyle interventions particularly for persons in remote and regional communities that have high rates of MASLD and limited access to healthcare. This research uses co-design methodology to inform the development of a multimodal, digital lifestyle intervention for individuals with MASLD.

Weighing the risk of GLP-1 treatment in older adults: Should we be concerned about sarcopenic obesity?

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have been pivotal for obesity treatment, achieving 15-25 % weight loss over 12-24 months, but questions remain about the potential influence of concomitant losses in muscle mass. Furthermore, low adherence, driven by high costs and side effects, results in up to two-thirds of users discontinuing treatment within a year, although up to a half reinitiate treatment. Given that cessation of treatment often leads to significant weight regain, there are concerns that older adults may be at risk for sarcopenic obesity; a condition characterized by excessive adiposity and low skeletal muscle mass which is prevalent in 10-20 % of older adults.