Role of anakinra in the management of children with severe dengue.

Objective: Severe dengue in children may present with a hyperinflammatory phenotype resembling cytokine storm or secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, characterised by refractory shock, hepatic dysfunction and multiorgan failure. We evaluated the use of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist therapy (anakinra) in children with severe dengue.

Design: We conducted a retrospective study of children admitted to a tertiary paediatric intensive care unit in India between May 2021 and December 2023 with confirmed severe dengue who received anakinra.

Acute Esophageal Necrosis: A Case Series of Two Critically Ill Patients.

Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN) is a rare syndrome, characterized by extensive circumferential necrosis of the esophageal mucosa at the gastroesophageal junction. AEN carries significant morbidity and mortality, and early recognition is crucial for management. We present a case series of AEN in two critically ill patients, one who presented with coffee ground emesis and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and the other one who presented with upper gastrointestinal bleed in the setting of malignancy and concurrent infection with active antibiotic use.

Age-related decline in HMGB1-neutralizing IgM autoantibody response impairs resistance to high-fat diet in mice.

As we age, it becomes increasingly important to reduce the consumption of fatty foods. In mice, we also find that after consuming a high-fat diet, older mice develop insulin resistance more easily than young mice. But how aging renders both humans and mice more vulnerable to the detrimental effect of fatty foods is not completely known.

The role of E3 ligases and deubiquitinases in PD-L1 regulation and the tumor microenvironment in renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a complex and highly heterogeneous malignancy marked by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which facilitates immune evasion and disease progression. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), a key immune checkpoint molecule expressed on tumor and immune cells, whose activation allows tumors to evade immune surveillance, plays a central role in modulating antitumor immunity in RCC. While the transcriptional and cytokine-mediated regulation of PD-L1 is well documented, emerging evidence emphasizes the critical influence of post-translational modifications particularly ubiquitination and deubiquitination in controlling PD-L1 stability and function.

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of jasmonic acid pathways to enhance biotic & abiotic stress tolerance: An overview & prospects.

Food security is becoming increasingly important as the world's population grows, and the likelihood that climate change could impair agricultural supply complicates matters further. However, plants actively suppress growth as an adaptation strategy to enhance survival under stress conditions. Phytohormone jasmonates (JAs) regulate various physiological processes, including plant growth, development, and senescence.