Racial identity and academic attainment among African American adolescents.

In this study, the relationships between racial identity and academic outcomes for African American adolescents were explored. In examining race beliefs, the study differentiated among (a) importance of race (centrality), (b) group affect (private regard), and (c) perceptions of societal beliefs (public regard) among 606 African American 17-year-old adolescents. Using cluster analysis, profiles of racial identity variables were created, and these profile groups were related to educational beliefs, performance, and later attainment (high school completion and college attendance).

Episodic and persistent gun-carrying among urban African-American adolescents.

Purpose: To examine whether similar risk factors influenced episodic and persistent gun-carrying among urban African-American adolescents.

Methods: The sample consisted of 705 African-American youths (48.9% male; mean age at baseline = 14.

Racial identity, maternal support, and psychological distress among African American adolescents.

This study investigated the role of racial identity and maternal support in reducing psychological distress among African American adolescents. Both direct and indirect influences of multiple dimensions of racial identity (i.e.

Natural mentors and adolescent resiliency: a study with urban youth.

Natural mentors may play an important role in the lives of adolescents. We interviewed 770 adolescents from a large Midwestern city. Fifty-two percent reported having a natural mentor.