Aortic valve replacement and mortality in asymptomatic individuals with severe aortic stenosis and left ventricular hypertrophy.

Objectives: Indications for aortic valve replacement (AVR) in severe asymptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) differ for individuals with normal versus low or decreasing left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Conceptually, the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) could also indicate ventricular injury and potential need for earlier AVR.

Methods: Initially, 1 232 492 echocardiography reports from 12 hospitals were identified; then previously validated, open-source natural language processing modules were applied to identify aortic gradients, LVEF, and the presence of LVH.

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters in healthy athletes vs. equally fit individuals with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Aims: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is often used when athletes present with suspected hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). While low peak oxygen consumption (pV˙O2) augments concern for HCM, athletes with HCM frequently display supranormal pV˙O2, which limits this parameter's diagnostic utility. We aimed to compare other CPET parameters in healthy athletes and equally fit individuals with HCM.

Immunogenicity of a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine against serotypes O, A, SAT-2, and Asia-1 in the Middle East and many parts of Africa, Southeast Asia and Europe.

Control of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is hampered by inadequate biosecurity measures, border transcending serotype strains and unavailability of broad coverage vaccines. In this investigation, six FMD antibody-free calves, aged 1.5-2 years, received a tetravalent, inactivated, aluminum hydroxide gel vaccine (Aphthovac-4) containing 6 PD/dose of certain strains for protection against a wide range of strains in the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia, and parts of Europe.

Clinical Considerations for Competitive Sports Participation for Athletes With Cardiovascular Abnormalities: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology.

This American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology scientific statement on clinical considerations for competitive sports participation for athletes with cardiovascular abnormalities or diseases is organized into 11 distinct sections focused on sports-specific topics or disease processes that are relevant when considering the potential risks of adverse cardiovascular events, including sudden cardiac arrest, during competitive sports participation. Task forces comprising international experts in sports cardiology and the respective topics covered were assigned to each section and prepared specific clinical considerations tables for practitioners to reference. Comprehensive literature review and an emphasis on shared decision-making were integral in the writing of all clinical considerations presented.