The Role of Operating Temperature on Pore-Scale Gas Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrolyzers.

In this study, the effects of operating temperature on pore-scale gas bubble transport in a carbon-based anode porous transport layer (PTL) of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzer is revealed using operando X-ray computed tomography (CT). Higher temperature operation (80 °C compared to 40 °C) led to a lower total gas bubble volume fraction in the PTL (0.25 to 0.

What are the Graft Options for Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction?

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee is commonly injured and can lead to joint instability. ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is often required as endogenous healing is limited and the stability provided by dynamic stabilisers is insufficient for complete joint function. A graft, comprising either biological tissue or synthetic material, is used to replicate the biomechanical and structural properties of the native ACL to restore function.

When is Not Enough: Evaluating Simple Metrics for Predicting Phase Separation of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins.

Understanding and predicting the phase behavior of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) is of significant interest due to their role in many biological processes. However, effectively characterizing phase behavior and its complex dependence on protein primary sequence remains challenging. In this study, we evaluate the efficacy of several simple computational metrics to quantify the propensity of single-component IDP solutions to phase separate; specific metrics considered include the single-chain radius of gyration, the second virial coefficient, and a newly proposed quantity termed the expenditure density.