SBEARS - A site-based method to estimate ancestral ranges of species.

Assessing the geographic dimension of diversification is paramount to integrate macroecology and macroevolution. Estimating ancestral ranges of species from phylogenies and spatial distribution of extant species have been fundamental for historical biogeography and can help in this endeavor. Yet, improvements in the available tools to estimate ancestral ranges are still necessary to produce fine-grain spatial reconstructions.

Detection of human papillomavirus in male genital samples.

Purpose: This study focuses on the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) in genital samples from heterosexual men, with or without HPV-like lesions, using molecular biology techniques for diagnosis and genotyping of the virus.

Method: A retrospective observational study was conducted with 294 male patients who visited a laboratory for molecular testing, with a presumptive clinical-epidemiological diagnosis of HPV infection, without prior HPV disease or vaccination. Samples were analyzed using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) techniques.

Age and primary vaccination schedule impact humoral and cellular immunity with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.

Despite widespread COVID-19 vaccination, questions remain about vaccine safety and immunogenicity in vulnerable populations, such as older adults. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of four doses of CoronaVac in adults above and below 60 who received the first two doses in two different schedules (0-14 and 0-28 days apart). While CoronaVac demonstrated excellent safety across age groups, older adults showed reduced reactogenicity.

In vitro enantioselective inhibition of key human CYP450 enzymes by the chiral fungicide penconazole.

Penconazole (PEN) is a chiral triazole fungicide widely used in vineyards. Despite its detection in human urine and documented toxicological effect in non-targeted organisms, data on PEN's effects in humans is scarce. This study investigated the in vitro inhibitory effects of racemic PEN and its isolated enantiomers on major CYP450 isoforms using human liver microsomes.