Probing the mechanism of peptidoglycan amidase activation by FtsEX-EnvC.

The FtsEX-EnvC-AmiA/B system is a key component of the cell division machinery that directs breakage of the peptidoglycan layer during separation of daughter cells. Structural and mechanistic studies have shown that ATP binding by FtsEX in the cytoplasm drives periplasmic conformational changes in EnvC, which lead to the binding and activation of peptidoglycan amidases such as AmiA and AmiB. The FtsEX-EnvC amidase system is highly regulated to prevent cell lysis with at least two separate layers of autoinhibition that must be relieved to initiate peptidoglycan hydrolysis during division.

Effects of Osteochondral Allograft Reaming Protocols on Donor Chondrocyte Viability Prior to Transplantation.

This preclinical ex vivo study was conducted to evaluate the effects of submersion in saline or the Missouri Osteochondral Preservation System (MOPS®) solution during plug reaming on Day-0 viable chondrocyte density (%VCD) of osteochondral allograft (OCA) plugs used for osteochondral allograft transplantation (OCAT). Distal femoral OCAs preserved with MOPS were reamed to create cylindrical "plug" grafts using one of three techniques: submersion in MOPS (SG-MOPS), submersion in saline (SG-Saline), or reamer saturated with MOPS without OCA submersion (SR-MOPS). All plug reaming was performed using standardized instrumentation and technique to harvest 18-mm-diameter plugs.

The NEON (Nerve rEpair Or Not) trial: a randomized controlled trial of microsurgical repair versus nerve alignment for digital nerve injury.

Background: Digital nerves provide sensibility to the fingers. They are commonly injured through accidental sharp laceration. The aim of the NEON (Nerve rEpair Or Not) study was to investigate whether microsurgical suture repair of lacerated digital nerves is superior to nerve alignment alone without suture repair.

A systematic review of outcomes reported in randomized controlled trials involving people with patellar dislocations.

Aims: The primary aims were to determine what outcome domains, outcome measurement instruments, and outcome measurement timepoints are reported in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving people with patellar dislocations. The secondary aims were to determine what primary outcomes were used and how a recurrent patellar dislocation was defined when this was used as an outcome.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, the Cochrane Database of Controlled Trials, and trial registries (last search: January 2024) for RCTs evaluating treatments for people with a patellar dislocation irrespective of age or sex.

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD): Comparing profiles of younger versus older adults.

Background: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) has implications for wellbeing across the lifespan. Research regarding adult profiles is limited.

Method: Data were drawn from the Canadian National Database for younger (18-24 years n = 223) and older (35 + years n = 185) groups, all diagnosed with FASD using Canadian guidelines.