pH-Dependent Electroreduction of Nitrate on Fe Single-Atom Catalyst.

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NORR) has received considerable attention due to its potential for the denitrification of wastewater and sustainable NH production. Among various catalysts for NORR, Fe-N-C single-atom catalyst has attracted significant interest due to its well-defined active sites and high stability across various media. Here, we investigate the pH dependence of NORR on Fe-N-C by combining experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Ammonium Cation-Promoted CO Electroreduction on Au in Acidic Media.

The electrochemical reduction of CO in acidic media has received considerable attention, as it can mitigate the carbonate formation issue. However, the available protons in acidic media can boost the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), so alkali metal cations are generally employed to promote the CO reduction reaction (CORR) while suppressing the HER. Here we report that NH cations are more effective promoters of CO electrolysis on Au in acidic media than Na and K, achieving a 3-fold improvement in the CORR activity.

Segmental Lordosis After Open Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Using Expandable Oblique Versus Static Anterior Banana Cages.

Background And Objectives: Expandable oblique interbody cages have gained popularity because of their suitability in minimally invasive surgical approaches and their ease of operative insertion. We aimed to determine whether static anteriorly placed banana cages or expandable obliquely placed cages provide greater lordosis when performing open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion with concomitant posterior column osteotomy (PCO).

Methods: We performed a single-surgeon retrospective consecutive cohort study which compared patients who underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion using a static anteriorly placed banana cage vs an expandable obliquely placed cage.

Operative vs Nonoperative Treatment for Adult Symptomatic Lumbar Scoliosis at 8-Year Follow-Up: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Long-term follow-up studies of operative and nonoperative treatment of adult symptomatic lumbar scoliosis (ASLS) are needed to assess benefits and durability.

Objective: To assess the durability of treatment outcomes for operative vs nonoperative treatment of ASLS.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The Adult Symptomatic Lumbar Scoliosis 1 (ASLS-1) study was a multicenter, prospective study with randomized and observational cohorts designed to assess operative vs nonoperative ASLS treatment.

The gap between surgeon goal and achieved sagittal alignment in adult cervical spine deformity surgery.

Objective: Malalignment following cervical spine deformity (CSD) surgery can negatively impact outcomes and increase complications. Despite the growing ability to plan alignment, it remains unclear whether preoperative goals are achieved with surgery. The objective of this study was to assess how good surgeons are at achieving their preoperative goal alignment following CSD surgery.