Visible-Light-Promoted Hydroxyalkylation of Heterocycles with α-Oxocarboxylic Acids.

We herein report the Minisci-type redox-neutral decarboxylative hydroxyalkylation of heteroarenes under photocatalyst- and transition-metal-free conditions. This methodology tolerates various functional groups that can be subsequently elaborated. Upon absorption of photons, the excited state of the α-oxocarboxylic acid forms an acyl radical, which adds to the protonated heteroarene to give the desired product after a spin center shift (SCS), reduction, and deprotonation.

Establishing a research advisory committee in addictions services with a focus on social needs and social isolation.

Background: Substance use disorders and unmet social needs (like housing instability and social isolation) are major contributors to U.S. morbidity and mortality.

Experimental observation of a radio frequency plasmonic gradient resonance in water.

Electromagnetic properties of water and water interfaces in the radio frequency range have fundamental importance in such diverse fields of science and technology as physics, chemistry, life sciences and wireless communications. Despite their importance, many aspects of these properties remain controversial or unresolved, especially where it concerns water response to radio frequency electromagnetic fields inside biological matter or near biological interfaces. Here we note that in the radio frequency range water belongs to a class of electromagnetic materials in which the real part of their complex dielectric permittivity-squared approximately equals zero.

The wilful rejection of psychological and behavioural interventions.

Psychology and behavioural science play a key role in the development, testing, and implementation of interventions aimed at addressing societal challenges. Some of these interventions have been impactful in shaping policy decisions, but their successful real-world implementation is beset by challenges, including a large number of people who might benefit from an intervention choosing to ignore it. However, there is almost no research on why people wilfully reject participating in an intervention: they notice it, consider participation, and decide against it.

Identification of translation events that drive nonsense-mediated mRNA decay reveals functional roles for noncoding RNAs.

The nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway targets mRNAs undergoing premature translation termination for degradation. Previously, RNA-seq of yeast lacking NMD revealed that most genes targeted by NMD lack obvious premature termination codons (PTCs). We developed a combined approach using RNA-seq and a novel 40S ribosome profiling strategy to identify cryptic premature termination events that could account for NMD on nearly all these transcripts, including many non-coding RNA transcript isoforms associated with annotated genes.