Use of preclinical Alzheimer's disease trajectories for clinical trial design.

Introduction: This study uses longitudinal amyloid biomarker and cognitive data to generate sample size estimates for two-armed, pre-clinical amyloid clearance clinical trials.

Methods: PET PiB DVR ranges defined three amyloid groups (positive, "A+"; sub threshold/low positive, "subA+"; and negative, "A-") in cognitively unimpaired Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention participants. Amyloid group trajectories estimated from mixed effects models informed per-treatment-arm sample size estimates to detect plausible treatment effects over 3-year (biomarker) or 6-year (cognition) study windows (80% power).

Effects of K-12 School District Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on Community-Level Prevalence of Acute Respiratory Infection During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, kindergarten through 12th grade schools implemented nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). The effects of school-based NPIs on broader community levels of acute respiratory infection (ARI) have not been defined. We utilized an existing longitudinal cohort of households reporting weekly ARI cases to evaluate the effects of evolving school districtwide NPIs on ARI activity at eight transition points from December 2019 through October 2022.

Penicillin Allergy De-Labeling in Older Adults and Long-Term Care Residents: A Clinical Review.

Background: Penicillin allergy labels are common in older adults and long-term care (LTC) residents, contributing to inappropriate antibiotic use, adverse outcomes, and increased healthcare costs. This review examines the prevalence, impact, safety, and barriers to penicillin allergy evaluation and de-labeling in these populations.

Methods: This review synthesizes findings from studies on penicillin allergy prevalence, evaluation, and de-labeling practices in older adults and LTC settings.