Diagnostic performance of Alzheimer's disease blood and CSF biomarkers in a Brazilian cohort with low educational attainment.

Blood-based biomarkers (BBMs) have emerged as promising tools to enhance Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis. Despite two-thirds of dementia cases occurring in the Global South, research on BBMs has predominantly focused on populations from the Global North. This geographical disparity hinders our understanding of BBM performance in diverse populations.

Amazonian buriti and pracaxi as potential functional feed additives to improve shrimp immunity and resistance to WSSV.

Environmental and nutritional factors are critical in modulating the immune system of Penaeus vannamei, particularly under viral threats such as white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). This study evaluated the effects of two Amazonian plant-based feed additives, buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) and pracaxi (Pentaclethra macroloba) brans, on shrimp immunocompetence, oxidative balance, and resistance to WSSV. Shrimp were fed diets supplemented with 4% or 8% of each ingredient.

Association between FDG- and TSPO-PET signals across human and animal studies investigating neurodegenerative conditions: a systematic review.

Background: Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET hypometabolism is considered a biomarker of neurodegeneration. However, recent evidence revealed that glial cells contribute to the FDG-PET signal. In this context, microglial changes have been evaluated with 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO)-PET radiopharmaceuticals.

Changes to the configuration of angiography equipment to reduce exposure to ionizing radiation in FGI procedures.

Angiography systems offer three dose rate modes (low, normal, and high) for performing fluoroscopy-guided interventional (FGI) procedures, with each mode corresponding to a specific set of parameters. Although the choice of mode should depend on the patient's biotype, such systems are typically shipped from the factory configured to start examinations in normal mode as the default. To reduce both the need for operator intervention during FGI procedures and the exposure of patients to ionizing radiation, we tested a change to the internal setup of an angiography machine in this study, in which the low-dose-rate mode was automatically selected as the default prior to starting a procedure.

Opposing Modulation of EEG Aperiodic Component by Ketamine and Thiopental: Implications for the Noninvasive Assessment of Cortical E/I Balance in Humans.

The balance between excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) activity is critical for brain function, and its disruption is implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. Electrophysiological signals can be decomposed into periodic (oscillatory) and aperiodic components. In the power spectrum, the periodic component appears as narrowband peaks, while the aperiodic component underlies its characteristic power-law decay.