Illness Burden and Unmet Patient Needs in Giant Cell Arteritis: Current State and Future Prospects.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common form of primary systemic vasculitis and primarily affects large- and medium-sized vessels. Diagnostic delay can occur from underrecognition of symptoms, and optimal treatment duration remains unclear. Patients with GCA can experience significant burdens related to adverse outcomes of GCA, including risk of vision impairment/loss and stroke, which can result in permanent disability.

Risk Factors of Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease in a Cohort of Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B.

Background & Aims: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) commonly co-exist, with conflicting data in prevalence and disease severity. We aimed to investigate these discrepancies.

Methods: This multicenter study included consecutive patients with CHB from 19 European centers.

Utility of diaphragm dome height as a marker of operational lung volume changes, disease burden and exacerbations in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD: an observational study within the CanCOLD cohort.

Background: Dynamic hyperinflation is central to dyspnoea, exercise limitation and exacerbations in COPD. While studied previously in moderate-to-severe COPD, the relevance of diaphragm dome height (DDH) on clinically important outcomes has been under-investigated in mild-to-moderate COPD.

Methods: Canadian Cohort Obstructive Lung Disease (CanCOLD) participants with spirometry-confirmed COPD, symptom-limited incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing and computed tomography image data were included.

Wasted ventilation in mild COPD: protocol for a clinical physiology and functional imaging study.

Background: High ventilation-CO output, signaling increased wasted ventilation in the physiological dead space ( ), has a dominant role in eliciting activity-related dyspnoea in subjects with COPD showing only mild airflow obstruction. Exposing the mechanisms driving wasted ventilation is key to advancing the field towards new therapeutic approaches to improve dyspnoea and exercise tolerance in this growing patient sub-population.

Central Hypothesis: Increased areas of high alveolar ventilation ( )/capillary perfusion ( ) due to impaired in nonemphysematous, non-air trapping areas of the lungs add to any underlying emphysema to increase wasted ventilation and exertional dyspnoea in mild COPD.