Effects of Short-Term Calcifediol Supplementation on Leukocyte Cytokine Production in Healthy Dogs: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial.

Background: Vitamin D modulates the immune response in many species, including dogs. To date, research investigating the immunological effects of vitamin D in dogs is limited to in vitro studies.

Objectives: Provide PO calcifediol supplementation to healthy dogs to evaluate its tolerability and assess its effect on leukocyte production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10.

Nest Entrance Architecture and the Regulation of Foraging Activity in Desert Harvester Ants.

The architecture of an ant colony's nest entrance modulates the regulation of activity in and out of the nest. This study considers how the architecture of nests of the desert harvester ant facilitates the regulation of foraging activity in an arid environment. Colonies must spend water, in water lost to evaporation when outside the nest, to obtain food and water.

Stent-Assisted Coil Embolization Versus Flow Diversion in Intracranial Vertebral Artery Dissecting Aneurysms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Intracranial vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms (IVADAs) represent a rare but challenging condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. In the therapeutic landscape, endovascular interventions such as Flow Diversion (FD) and Stent-Assisted Coiling (SAC) are widely used for the management of IVADAs. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to compare the clinical outcomes and complications associated with FD and SAC techniques in the endovascular management of IVADAs.

Community Composition of Microbial Eukaryotes Transported by Stemflow from Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. (American Beech) Trees in Northeastern Ohio (USA).

Stemflow, the concentrated fraction of rainfall that drains down tree trunks, can translocate canopy biota to the forest floor, but its eukaryotic composition remains uncharacterized via eDNA methods. We collected stemflow from 18 Fagus grandifolia (American beech) trees during ten storms in northeastern Ohio (USA) and analyzed 18S rRNA eDNA to resolve transported microbial-eukaryote communities. Over 12 million reads (83 samples) revealed 920 zero-radius OTUs spanning fungi, algae, protists, and metazoans.

Crisis, Confidence, and Conserving Resources: Examining How Adult Education Students Navigate Stressors and Marginalization.

Social and systemic barriers contribute to students' attrition from K-12 education and enrollment in adult basic education (ABE) via the reduction of available resources. Informed by Conservation of Resources Theory, the current study assessed the impact of stress-related risk factors, including trauma and COVID-19-related stress, on ABE students' ( = 227) vocational confidence. Understanding these factors can inform ABE program development and retention efforts.