Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients in the alveolar echinococcosis registry, France, 1982 to 2021.

BACKGROUND is a parasite causing alveolar echinococcosis (AE), a severe disease affecting primarily the liver. Surveillance of this non-notifiable disease in France is performed by the National Reference Center for Echinococcoses (NRC-E).AIMWe aimed to analyse changes in epidemiological, clinical and survival data of patients with AE over time.

Targeting myeloid-derived suppressor cells promotes antiparasitic T-cell immunity and enhances the efficacy of PD-1 blockade (15 words).

Immune exhaustion corresponds to a loss of effector function of T cells that associates with cancer or chronic infection. Here, our objective was to decipher the mechanisms involved in the immune suppression of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and to explore the potential to target these cells for immunotherapy to enhance checkpoint blockade efficacy in a chronic parasite infection. We demonstrated that programmed cell-death-1 (PD-1) expression was significantly upregulated and associated with T-cell dysfunction in advanced alveolar echinococcosis (AE) patients and in Echinococcus multilocularis-infected mice.

Soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 as a predictor of postoperative hepatic failure.

Background: Posthepatectomy liver failure remains a potentially life-threatening complication after hepatectomy. Soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 is an injury-related biomarker. The aim of the study was to assess soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 elevation after hepatectomy and whether it can predict posthepatectomy liver failure.

Alveolar echinococcosis in solid organ transplant recipients: a case series from two national cohorts.

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a severe parasitic infection caused by the ingestion of Echinococcus multilocularis eggs. While higher incidence and faster evolution have been reported in immunosuppressed patients, no studies have been performed specifically on AE in transplant patients. We searched for all de novo AE cases diagnosed between January 2008 and August 2018 in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients included in the Swiss Transplant Cohort Study and the FrancEchino Registry.