Epigenetic changes and neurogenesis associated with socio-sexual behaviors.

Epigenetic mechanisms are essential in neurogenesis during development and adulthood. DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, and non-coding RNAs regulate gene expression to maintain the neural stem cell pool and direct the fate of newborn neurons by modulating cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, maturation, and survival. Adult neurogenesis exhibits bidirectional interactions with non-social and socio-sexual factors such as sexual behavior, mate recognition, pair bonding, parental behavior, and offspring recognition.

On the biomechanics of a novel L5-S1 posterior fixation system: A finite element study.

Low back pain is estimated to affect more than 70% of the population. Recently, interspinous posterior devices are gaining attention as a less invasive alternative to the traditional pedicle screw systems. However, since most of these devices are not suitable for the L5-S1 segment, the goals for this study are to design a tailored fixation system for the L5-S1 level and to study its effects on the degenerated spine.

Interstitial macrophages prevent tuberculosis relapse by restricting Mycobacterium tuberculosis immune evasion.

Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are the first immune cells to encounter Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in the lungs, but they frequently fail to eliminate this causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), allowing Mtb to persist or replicate. Interstitial macrophages (IMs) are recruited to restrict Mtb growth and limit immune evasion. While IMs have been implicated in the control of acute Mtb infection, their role during latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) has not yet been explored.

Mating-induced neurogenesis and cell proliferation in male rats depend on opioid signaling.

In the adult brain, neurogenesis primarily occurs in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus (DG) and the olfactory bulbs, with new cells migrating from the subventricular zone. Additionally, small amounts of cell proliferation have been observed in the preoptic area (POA) and the amygdala (AMG), regions involved in the control of male sexual behavior. Sexual activity induces a reward state mediated by opioids, and our group previously demonstrated that neurogenesis induced by paced mating is opioid dependent in female rats.

Complications in hip Arthroscopy: Recognizing and managing adverse events.

Hip arthroscopy has become an increasingly common and effective surgical technique for the diagnosis and treatment of various intra-articular hip disorders. While generally considered safe and minimally invasive, the procedure is not without risks. The increasing volume and complexity of hip arthroscopies has led to a rise in reported complications, highlighting the importance of understanding potential adverse events and their management.