Real-world efficacy of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide regimen in patients infected with HIV-1 sub-subtype A6 harbouring the L74I mutation.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of bictegravir (BIC)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) against HIV-1 sub-subtype A6 viruses carrying the L74I polymorphic mutation in integrase.

Methods: A total of 100 ART-naive people living with HIV from the Moscow Regional AIDS Center were enrolled between May and July 2023. HIV-1 subtypes and baseline drug resistance mutations were analysed prior to treatment initiation.

The Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in Russia, 1987-2023: Subtypes, Transmission Networks and Phylogenetic Story.

Regional HIV-1 epidemics are evolving with distinct patterns in transmission routes, subtype distribution, and molecular transmission cluster (MTCs) characteristics. We analyzed 9500 HIV-1 cases diagnosed over 30 years using phylogenetic and network methods, integrating molecular, epidemiological, demographic, and behavioral data. Subtype A6 remains dominant nationally (80.

Circadian circuits control plasticity of group 3 innate lymphoid cells by sustaining epigenetic configuration of RORγt.

The gut experiences daily fluctuations in microbes and nutrients aligned with circadian rhythms that regulate nutrient absorption and immune function. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) support gut homeostasis through interleukin-22 (IL-22) but can convert into interferon-γ-producing ILC1s. How circadian proteins control this plasticity remains unclear.

Mapping of RORγt dendritic cells in human tissues establishes their preferential niche in adult lymph nodes.

Background: The retinoic-acid-receptor-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt) isoform is required for the development of lymphoid organs, T-helper 17 cells (Th17), and innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s). Recent data in mouse and human have revealed non-T, non-ILC3 cell populations with antigen presenting features that express RORγt. This study maps the presence of RORγt cells with dendritic cell (DC) features in human adult and fetal lymphoid tissues.

It takes Two: Advancing cancer treatment with two-step nanoparticle delivery.

The rapid advancement of nanobiotechnology has resulted in the development of numerous targeted nanoformulations and sophisticated nanobiorobots for biomedical applications. Despite the potential of nanostructures to improve drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy, their clinical application is still constrained by insufficient accumulation in tumor tissues. Current methodologies result in only an average of 0.