Systematic review and meta-analysis of global birth prevalence of clubfoot: a study protocol.

Introduction: Clubfoot is a common congenital birth defect, with an average prevalence of approximately 1 per 1000 live births, although this rate is reported to vary among different countries around the world. If it remains untreated, clubfoot causes permanent disability, limits educational and employment opportunities, and personal growth. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to estimate the global birth prevalence of congenital clubfoot.

Links between a biomarker profile, cold ischaemic time and clinical outcome following simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation.

In sepsis, trauma and major surgery, where an explicit physiological insult leads to a significant systemic inflammatory response, the acute evolution of biomarkers have been delineated. In these settings, Interleukin (IL) -6 and TNF-α are often the first pro-inflammatory markers to rise, stimulating production of acute phase proteins followed by peaks in anti-inflammatory markers. Patients undergoing SPKT as a result of diabetic complications already have an inflammatory phenotype as a result of uraemia and glycaemia.

Unsaturated aldehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) alters the structural integrity of HSA with consequences in the immuno-pathology of rheumatoid arthritis.

Human serum albumin (HSA) - the most abundant plasma protein plays an important role in the transport of endogenous and exogenous molecules in the body. Its modifications have been implicated in a variety of pathological disorders. We have studied the interaction of HNE with HSA at a molecular level by docking experiment and the results suggest a strong interaction between HNE and HSA.

d-Ribose induced glycoxidative insult to hemoglobin protein: An approach to spot its structural perturbations.

Glycation of biological macromolecule leads to the establishment of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) having implications in metabolic disorders. d‑ribose appears to be the most reactive among the naturally occurring sugars and contribute significantly to the glycation reactions in vivo, however, no report have been published yet to discuss d‑ribose induced glycation of hemoglobin (Hb). Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate d‑ribose induced glycoxidative damage to Hb protein.

Kidney allograft survival outcomes in combined intestinal-kidney transplant: An analysis of the UNOS/OPTN database 2000-2014.

Background And Objectives: Intestinal transplants carry a high morbidity/mortality. Kidney allograft outcomes after combined intestinal (IT) with kidney transplant (CIKT) remain largely uninvestigated.

Materials And Methods: The UNOS STAR database was queried to identify all such combined organ transplants from 2000 to 2015.

Structural and immunological characterization of hydroxyl radical modified human IgG: Clinical correlation in rheumatoid arthritis.

Structural alterations in proteins under oxidative stress have been widely implicated in the immuno-pathology of various disorders. This study has evaluated the extent of damage in the conformational characteristics of IgG by hydroxyl radical (OH) and studied its implications in the immuno-pathology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Using various biophysical and biochemical techniques, changes in aromatic microenvironment of the IgG and the protein aggregation became evident after treatment with OH.

Methylglyoxal produces more changes in biochemical and biophysical properties of human IgG under high glucose compared to normal glucose level.

Hyperglycaemia triggers increased production of methylglyoxal which can cause gross modification in proteins' structure vis-a-vis function though advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The AGEs may initiate vascular and nonvascular pathologies. In this study, we have examined the biochemical and biophysical changes in human IgG under normal and high glucose after introducing methylglyoxal into the assay mixture.

Cathepsin B regulates hepatic lipid metabolism by cleaving liver fatty acid-binding protein.

Synthesis and secretion of hepatic triglycerides (TAG) associated with very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) play a major role in maintaining overall lipid homeostasis. This study aims to identify factors affecting synthesis and secretion of VLDL-TAG using the growth hormone-deficient Ames dwarf mouse model, which has reduced serum TAG. Proteomic analysis coupled with a bioinformatics-driven approach revealed that these mice express greater amounts of hepatic cathepsin B and lower amounts of liver fatty acid-binding protein (LFABP) than their wildtype littermates.

ATP7B expression in human glioblastoma is related to temozolomide resistance.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive types of brain malignancy, with resistance to chemotherapy being a primary treatment obstacle. ATPase copper transporting β (ATP7B) is involved in multidrug resistance; however, its expression in GBM remains to be evaluated. In the present study, GBM specimens from 79 patients who underwent gross total tumor removal followed by concomitant temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy and radiotherapy were assessed immunohistochemically.

Birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) among pregnant women in hard-to-reach areas in Bangladesh.

Background: Birth preparedness and complication readiness aims to reduce delays in care seeking, promote skilled birth attendance, and facility deliveries. Little is known about birth preparedness practices among populations living in hard-to-reach areas in Bangladesh.

Objectives: To describe levels of birth preparedness and complication readiness among recently delivered women, identify determinants of being better prepared for birth, and assess the impact of greater birth preparedness on maternal and neonatal health practices.

Fructose-human serum albumin interaction undergoes numerous biophysical and biochemical changes before forming AGEs and aggregates.

Fructose is a reducing and highly lipogenic sugar that has unique metabolic effects in the liver. Non-enzymatic fructosylation of proteins generates advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Human serum albumin (HSA) may undergo fructosylation vis-à-vis AGEs formation.

Do all roads lead to the Rome? The glycation perspective!

Oxidative, carbonyl, and glycative stress have gained substantial attention recently for their alleged influence on cancer progression. Oxidative stress can trigger variable transcription factors, such as nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), protein-53 (p-53), activating protein-1 (AP-1), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), β-catenin/Wnt and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ). Activated transcription factors can lead to approximately 500 different alterations in gene expression, and can alter expression patterns of inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, regulatory cell cycle molecules, and anti-inflammatory molecules.

Prolonged Delayed Renal Graft Function Secondary to Venous Hypertension.

The case of a 39-year-old highly sensitized woman who underwent second renal transplantation after being on warfarin because of a history of frequent thromboses of her left femoral arteriovenous graft (AVG) is reported here. The patient received a flow cytometric positive crossmatch kidney transplant from a deceased donor. Her posttransplant course was complicated by prolonged delayed graft function (DGF) lasting for 9 months.

Characterization of methylglyoxal-modified human IgG by physicochemical methods.

Human IgG is a defence protein and quite reactive to dicarbonyls. In this study, methylglyoxal-induced modification of IgG was examined by various biochemical and biophysical methods. The methylglyoxal-induced changes in IgG were monitored by UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid (ANS), and thermal denaturation studies.

Long-term outcome after endovascular treatment of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula and a literature review.

Background: The long-term efficacy of endovascular treatment (EVT) for cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulae (CS-dAVF) was assessed with a special focus on residual shunts after initial EVT.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective survey included 50 patients who had undergone EVT and were followed for 1 month or longer (median follow-up 56 months).

Results: Common preoperative symptoms were chemosis (78%), extra-ocular motor palsy (72%), exophthalmos (66%), and tinnitus (26%).

Isolated pancreas rejections do not have an adverse impact on kidney graft survival whereas kidney rejections are associated with adverse pancreas graft survival in simultaneous pancreas kidney transplantation.

Background And Objectives: Diabetic Kidney Disease is associated with excessive mortality and morbidity. Simultaneous pancreas kidney transplantation (SPK) significantly improves quality of life and increases life expectancy of uremic diabetic patients. It is not known whether pancreas and kidney rejections in these transplant patients is concordant or discordant.

Facile formation of co-amorphous atenolol and hydrochlorothiazide mixtures via cryogenic-milling: Enhanced physical stability, dissolution and pharmacokinetic profile.

The development of poorly water-soluble drugs faces the risk of low bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. The co-amorphous drug delivery system has recently gained considerable interest because it offers an alternative approach to modify properties of poorly water-soluble drugs. Herein, we developed a co-amorphous system of atenolol (ATE) and poorly water-soluble hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) by means of cryogenic milling.

Self-Assembled Lipid Cubic Phase and Cubosomes for the Delivery of Aspirin as a Model Drug.

Three-dimensionally organized lipid cubic self-assemblies and derived oil-in-water emulsions called "cubosomes" are attractive for various biotechnological applications due to their ability to be loaded with functional molecules and their associated sustained release properties. Here, we employed both of these lipid-based systems for the delivery of a model drug, aspirin, under comparable conditions. Studies were performed by varying drug-to-lipid ratio and the type of release medium, water and phosphate buffer saline (PBS).

Effect of Intravenous Iron Supplementation on Hepcidin Levels in Iron Deficient Pregnant Females in Second and Third Trimester.

Objective of the study was to assess effect of iron therapy on serum hepcidin levels in iron deficient pregnant women and its correlation with hemoglobin, serum iron profile and C-reactive protein (CRP). A total of 100 pregnant women were enrolled in the study; 25 were included in the "control group" having normal hematological and biochemical parameters while 75 iron deficient pregnant women were enrolled in the "patient group" with low hematological and biochemical parameters. CRP was done to rule out inflammation and to observe its association with hepcidin.

The receptor for advanced glycation end products: A fuel to pancreatic cancer.

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) was first illustrated in the year 1992. RAGE is a single-transmembrane and multi-ligand component of the immunoglobulin protein super family. The engagement of RAGE turns out to an establishment of numerous intracellular signalling mechanisms resulting in the progression and perpetuation of many types of cancer including, the pancreatic cancer.

Glycation, oxidation and glycoxidation of IgG: a biophysical, biochemical, immunological and hematological study.

Glycation and oxidation induce structural alterations in the proteins in an interdependent manner with consequent pathological implications. The published literature presents wide range of modifications in conformational characteristics of proteins by glycation and oxidation; however, there is little data that could elaborate the cumulative effect of both the processes. This study has analysed the modifications in IgG by methylglyoxal (MG) (glycative stress), hydroxyl radical ([Formula: see text]) (oxidative stress) and by their combined action i.

Impact of maternal and neonatal health initiatives on inequity in maternal health care utilization in Bangladesh.

Background: Despite remarkable progress in maternal and child health, inequity persists in maternal care utilization in Bangladesh. Government of Bangladesh (GOB) with technical assistance from United Nation Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nation Children's Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) started implementing Maternal and Neonatal Health Initiatives in selected districts of Bangladesh (MNHIB) in 2007 with an aim to reduce inequity in healthcare utilization. This study examines the effect of MNHIB on inequity in maternal care utilization.

AGEs, RAGEs and s-RAGE; friend or foe for cancer.

Impaired awareness of glycation biology in cancer initiation and progression is one of the fundamental reasons for its meticulous investigation of the molecules involved in signalling pathway. Glycation of biological macromolecules results in the progression of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) that proliferates the process of carcinogenesis by activation of transcription factors and release of cytokines. The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGEs) with the binding of its different ligands like; AGEs, HMGB1 and S100 activate the signalling arrays.

Bilateral lateral ventricular subependymoma with extensive multiplicity presenting with hemorrhage.

This 48-year-old-man who had undergone right thyroid lobectomy for undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma nine years earlier developed generalized seizures. His cerebrospinal fluid was xanthochromic with elevation of total protein. Computed tomography (CT) showed mixed-density bilateral ventricular masses.

Studies on glycoxidatively modified human IgG: Implications in immuno-pathology of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Structural rearrangements and condensations of proteins under hyperglycemic stress have been implicated in various pathological disorders. This study aims to probe the role of methylglyoxal (MG) modified human immunoglobulin G (MG-IgG) in immuno-pathology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MG was found to perturb the structural integrity of IgG, affect its aromatic micro-environment and cause the generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and aggregate adducts.